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Algebra Substitution for the 11 Plus Exams

1. What is Substitution in Algebra?

Substitution means replacing. In algebra, when we replace a variable with a number, we call it substitution. 

For example, consider the expression 2x + 3. 

Let us assume x = 2. So to substitute x, replace it with 2. When we do this replacement, we can write 2 × 2 + 3.

Note when we substitute a variable, we must always follow the order of operations (BIDMAS or BODMAS) rule to calculate the value after substitution. 

Hence, 2 × 2 + 3 = 4 + 3 = 7.

1.1 Example Questions on Substitution

Example 1: If a = 2, b = -1 and c = 1 find 2a - 4b + 5c²

Solution : Substituting a, b and c with their values we get, 

                2a - 4b + 5c²  = 2 × 2 - 4 × (-1) + 5 × 1²

                Following BIDMAS rule, 

                = 2 × 2 - 4 × (-1) + 5 × 1             (first calculate Indices)   

                = 4 + 4 + 5                                    (then multiplication)

                = 13                                               (then addition)

Example 2: Equation to convert fahrenheit (F) to Celsius (C) is given by:

                   F = 9⁄5 × C + 32 

                   Work out the temperature in Fahrenheit if C = 35.

Solution:  Substituting C = 35 in the equation we get, 

                F = 9⁄5 × 35 + 32                     

                Following BIDMAS rule,

                F = 9 × 7 + 32                        (First division)

                F = 63 + 32                             (then multiplication)

                F = 95                                     (then addition)

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  • Frequently Asked Questions
    What is a good score in 11+ Maths ?

    What counts as a "good" score will vary depending on the school you want to attend. The standardized 11 Plus test score average across the country is roughly 100. The highest average in some areas is 111. The lowest scores would often fall between 60 and 70, while the highest scores would normally fall between 130 and 140. To achieve excellent marks on 11+ Maths Exams, practice 11+ Maths topic-wise questions.

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    The children must master the following topics for the 11 plus exams

    • Number and place value.
    • Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
    • Fractions, percentages, decimals.
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